A study by Cardiff University politics lecturer Dr Joseph Phillips says public profanity in US politics has risen sharply compared with earlier periods. The research suggests swearing is now far more common in political speech than it once was.

According to the study, there have been 692 publicly documented instances of political profanity in the dataset examined. The findings also say Donald Trump and Joe Biden together account for 78% of all publicly recorded swear words used by US presidents since 1919.

The research points to a clear change in tone at the top of American politics. Language that was once relatively rare in public remarks now appears to be a much more visible part of how major political figures speak.

Although the study focuses on documented public comments rather than private conversations, its conclusions highlight a broader shift in political communication in the United States. The findings suggest that blunt and profane language has become increasingly noticeable in the modern political era.