San Rafael is preparing for what could become its largest wave of homebuilding in decades, with thousands of housing units planned across Marin County’s biggest city. The proposed growth is centered in part on downtown, where new projects are expected to significantly change the city’s look and feel.

The moment has sparked a broad debate over how San Rafael should evolve. Supporters see the housing push as a response to long-running demand and a chance to add homes in a high-cost region. Critics, meanwhile, are raising concerns about the pace of development and what large projects could mean for traffic, neighborhood character and local infrastructure.

The discussion also reflects a longer story about how San Rafael has changed over time. The city’s development history stretches back decades, including major retail milestones such as the opening of Northgate Mall in the 1960s, and the current housing push is being viewed by many as another turning point.

As planning moves forward, San Rafael is emerging as a key example of the Bay Area’s wider struggle over growth, affordability and urban change. With so many homes on the table, decisions made now could shape the city for years to come.