President Donald Trump’s latest tariff push is facing an immediate legal test. Hours after new duties took effect, a lawsuit was filed challenging the measures, adding fresh uncertainty to a trade agenda that has already run into trouble in court.

The renewed tariff wave includes a 25% duty on imports from Brazil, and Trump has also said he wants to impose 50% tariffs on goods from Canada. The move marks another escalation in his use of import taxes as a major policy tool, even as businesses and trading partners weigh the economic consequences.

Legal doubts are central to the new fight. Trade specialists say the latest tariffs may be vulnerable because earlier Trump tariffs — described as part of his global “liberation day” approach — were struck down by the courts, dealing a blow to a key part of his strategy. That history is now shaping expectations for how long the new duties may last.

The dispute sets up another clash between Trump’s tariff plans and the legal limits on presidential trade powers. With one round already challenged in court and another now under scrutiny, the future of these Brazil and Canada tariff plans may depend as much on judges as on trade policy.